Top Best 40 Microsoft Azure Interview Questions and Answers 2024

1. What is Microsoft Azure?

Answer: Microsoft Azure is a cloud computing platform and service created by Microsoft for building, testing, deploying, and managing applications and services through Microsoft-managed data centers.

2. What are the different types of services offered by Azure?

Answer: Azure offers a wide range of services, including computing, storage, databases, networking, AI, machine learning, IoT, DevOps, and more.

3. What is Mircosoft Entra ID or Azure Active Directory (Azure AD)?

Answer: Mircosoft Entra ID or Azure Active Directory is Microsoft’s cloud-based identity and access management service. It provides authentication and authorization services for users, groups, and applications.

4. What is Azure Virtual Network?

Answer: Azure Virtual Network is a network service that enables you to create isolated networks in Azure and securely connect them to your on-premises networks or the internet.

Also Read: Azure Certification Training

5. What is Azure Blob Storage?

Answer: Azure Blob Storage is a scalable object storage service that allows you to store and manage large amounts of unstructured data, such as text or binary data.

Also Read: Azure Book Guides

6. What is Azure Monitor?

Answer: Azure Monitor is a service that provides comprehensive monitoring solutions for Azure resources. It allows you to collect and analyze telemetry data from applications, infrastructure, and networks.

Also Read: Get Azure Dumps

7. What is Azure Resource Group?

Answer: An Azure Resource Group is a logical container that holds related resources for an Azure solution. It allows you to manage and organize resources as a single entity. Generally, we add resources that share the same lifecycle to the same resource group so you can easily deploy, update, and delete them as a group.

8. What is Azure Key Vault?

Answer: Azure Key Vault is a cloud service that allows you to securely store and manage sensitive information such as keys, passwords, certificates, and secrets.

9. What are Azure Virtual Machines (VMs)?

Answer: Azure Virtual Machines (VMs) are scalable computing resources that run applications on the cloud. Azure VMs allow you to choose from a wide range of configurations, including various sizes, operating systems (such as Windows or Linux), and support for different applications and workloads.

10. What is Azure Site Recovery?

Answer: Azure Site Recovery is a disaster recovery service that allows you to replicate workloads running on physical and virtual machines to Azure, enabling seamless recovery in the event of a disaster.

Also Read: Online Azure Tutorial Videos

11. What is Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)?

Answer: Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) is a managed Kubernetes service that simplifies deploying, managing, and scaling containerized applications using Kubernetes.

12. What is Azure Backup?

Answer: Azure Backup is a cloud-based backup service that provides backup and restore capabilities for Azure virtual machines, on-premises servers, and Azure Files shares.

13. What is Azure Load Balancer?

Answer: Azure Load Balancer is a network load balancer service that distributes incoming traffic across multiple virtual machines to ensure the high availability and reliability of applications.

14. What is Azure Traffic Manager?

Answer: Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based traffic load balancer that enables you to distribute user traffic across multiple hosted services in different data centers.

15. What is Azure Firewall?

Answer: Azure Firewall is a Cloud-based network security service that protects your Azure Virtual Networks.

16. What is Azure Application Gateway?

Answer: Azure Application Gateway is a web traffic load balancer that enables you to manage and route incoming traffic to your web applications. It works at the application layer (Layer 7) of the OSI model, allowing you to control and route traffic based on various criteria like URL path, host headers, or session information.

17. What is Azure CDN?

Answer: Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed network of servers that delivers web content to users based on their geographic location

18. What is Azure Policy?

Answer: Azure Policy is a service that helps you enforce organizational standards and to assess compliance at scale.

19. How does Azure differ from traditional on-premises infrastructure?

Answer: Azure differs from traditional on-premises infrastructure in that it allows users to access and manage resources over the internet, without the need for physical hardware or infrastructure maintenance.

20. What is Azure Resource Manager (ARM)?

Answer: Azure Resource Manager (ARM) is the deployment and management service for Azure. It provides a management layer that allows you to create, update, and delete resources in your Azure account. ARM also enables you to manage the dependencies between resources and to define the configuration of your Azure resources in a declarative template.

21. What is the difference between Azure Virtual Machines (VMs) and Azure App Services?

Answer: a) Azure Virtual Machines (VMs) are a type of infrastructure as a service (IaaS) offering that allows you to create and manage virtual machines in the cloud. You have full control over the operating system and can install and run any software on the VM.

b) Azure App Services, on the other hand, are a platform as a service (PaaS) offering that allows you to build, deploy, and scale web applications and APIs without managing the underlying infrastructure. App Services abstracts away the underlying infrastructure, so you can focus on the application code and not worry about the infrastructure.

22. What is RBAC?

Answer: Access to Azure resources can be secured using role-based access control (RBAC). RBAC allows you to grant specific permissions to users or groups at a certain scope (e.g., subscription, resource group, resource).

23. How do you create a virtual machine in Azure using the Azure portal?

Answer: To create a virtual machine in Azure using the Azure portal, follow these steps:

• Sign in to the Azure portal.
• Click on “Create a resource” in the upper left-hand corner of the Azure portal.
• In the “Search the Marketplace” box, type “Windows Server” or “Ubuntu Server,” depending on the operating system you want to use for your virtual machine, and press Enter.
• Select the desired operating system image from the list of results.
• Click “Create” to begin configuring the virtual machine.
• Fill out the required information, such as the virtual machine name, username, and password.
• Choose the appropriate size for your virtual machine and click “Review + create.”
• Review the settings and click “Create” to create the virtual machine.

24. What are Fault Domains?

Answer: Azure uses fault domains in conjunction with update domains to ensure that during planned maintenance or updates, only a subset of your application instances are affected at any given time, reducing the risk of downtime.

25. What is a VNet?

Answer: VNet refers to a Virtual Network. It’s a fundamental networking construct within the Azure cloud platform that allows you to create isolated and secure networks in the cloud..

26. Do managed disks have any scale limitations?

Answer: Azure has certain resource limits that apply to all resources, including Managed Disks. These limits can vary based on the subscription type and region.

27. Does the Azure Internal Load Balancer have a public address or DNS?

Answer: No. Only private IP addresses are supported by Azure Internal Load Balancer.

28. Why should you use Azure CDN?

Answer: By using Azure CDN, you can reduce bandwidth and load time. In addition, it improves the responsiveness of the site.

29. How does Azure cmdlet work?

Answer: Cmdlets are lightweight commands that are part of Microsoft PowerShell. In Windows PowerShell, cmdlets are used to automate scripts in the command line.

30. What is Azure Monitor?

Answer: Azure Monitor is a service in Azure that provides performance and availability monitoring for your VM and applications in Azure as well as other cloud environments or on-premises

• Azure Monitor helps you understand how your VM and applications are performing and proactively identify issues and helps in responding to critical situations that may affect them
• Activity log events are retained in Azure for 90 days and then deleted.
• There is no charge for entries during this time regardless of volume
• For long term storage you can send the Activity logs to Logs Analytics or Storage Account

31.What is the Benefit of Reserved Instance (RI)?

Answer:

• Reserved Instance is good when we have long term use
• You Buy reservation for a region and for a VM Size
• You pay monthly/upfront for 1 or 3 years
• The monthly payment option is available at no extra cost.
• They are up to 72 percent cheaper than pay as you go
• Discount are automatically applied to VM that match the reservation
• Reserved Instance covers only the compute (hardware) charges and does not cover the software and storage charges
• You will receive email notifications 30 days prior to expiration and again on the expiration date
• Reservation do not auto-renew, if you do not renew VM are billed at the pay as you go price

32. What is Availability Zone?

Answer:

• Availability Zones is a datacentre
• Some Azure Region have Availability Zones
• The Number of Availability Zone in that Region will be 3
• Each Availability Zone has separate power, network and cooling
• All Availability Zone are connected to each other with high speed fiber and have less than 2ms latency
• If one Availability Zone fails it does not impact other Zone

33. What is Availability Set?

Answer:

• With Availability Set Azure ensure that the VM are created across Different physical rack and Host in same Data centre

34. What is Azure Managed Disk?

Answer:

• Azure creates and manages for you
• Provide 99.999% availability (26.30 seconds DT per month)
• Keep 3 replica of your disk in same AZ/Region
• Support Azure Backup, Snapshot and Image
• Managed disks are available in fixed size
• Pricing is per hour as per disk size

35. What is VNet Peering?

Answer:

• By default 2 VNet cannot communicate with each other
• To enable communication between them we need to create Peering between 2 VNet
• We can peer between VNet in same Region known as local Peering or Different Region known as Global Peering</li >
• Both VNET Address Space should be different
• The Peering relationship is non-transitive
• All communication between two VNET is over the Azure backbone
• No downtime is required while creating peering
• VNet Peering has inbound and outbound data transfer charges

36. What is the purpose of Load Balancer in Azure?

Answer:

• Used to Load balance incoming traffic among healthy VM and to achieve High Availability
• The Load balancer and VM must be in same Region
• The Load balancer can load balance traffic among VM in same VNET only

37. What are Basic and Standard Load Balancer in Azure?

Answer: Basic Load Balancer (Free):-

• Can be used with only those VM which have Basic Public IP
• Used with Availability Set
• Support up to 300 VM
• There is no SLA

Standard Load Balancer (Chargeable):-

• Can be used with only those VM which have Standard Public IP
• Used with Availability Zone
• Support up to 1000 VM
• SLA is 99.99%

38. Explain Routing Methods in Traffic Manager?

Answer: There are 6 Routing Methods

• Weighted: – Client Traffic is load balanced across multiple endpoint, higher number means more weight, more traffic on that endpoint and equal weight mean load balance
• Performance: – Client Traffic is sent to the lowest latency endpoint
• Priority: – Client Traffic is sent to Primary endpoint. If that fails, traffic is redirected to secondary endpoint (DR scenario)
• Geographic: – Client Traffic is sent to specific endpoint based on its geographic location
• Multi value: – Client will be given multiple healthy endpoints and Client can send traffic to any endpoint
• Subnet: – Client Traffic is sent to specific endpoint based on source Public IP Subnet

39. What is Virtual Machine Scale Set (VMSS)?

Answer:

• Azure virtual machine scale sets let you create and manage a group of load balanced VMs
• Virtual machine scale sets provide high availability and ability to handle increase and decrease in demand
• You can automatically increase (Scale out) or decrease (Scale in) VM
• Depending on Metric like CPU or Schedule
• You can also use your custom Image
• VMSS has NSG of its own
• VMSS can create VM in different Availability Zone in a Region
• VMSS can create up to 1,000 VMs
• You need to set minimum and maximum VM count for auto scaling to happen
• VMSS can place the VM behind Load Balancer
• VM Scale Set is Free

40. What is Azure Storage Account?

Answer:

• The storage account provides a unique namespace for your Azure Storage data that’s accessible from anywhere in the world
• You can store up to 500 TB of Data
• Data in your storage account is durable and highly available, secure, and massively scalable.
• The name of storage account must be unique in azure